微藻的应用概述   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

梁英  麦康森 《海洋湖沼通报》1999,(2):70-82

微藻太阳能利用效率高、个体小、营养丰富、生长繁殖迅速、对环境的适应能力强、容易培养,因此受到人们的重视。微藻的培养开始于18世纪末,当时培养的种类是栅藻和小球藻等淡水藻类,目的是作为植物生理学的试验材料。到了第二次世界大战期间及战后时期,由于粮食缺乏,...  相似文献   

Effect of growth phase on the fatty acid compositions of four species of marine diatoms   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIANG Ying  and MAI Kangsen The Key Laboratory of Mariculture  Ministry of Education  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P.R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2):157-162

The fatty acid compositions of four species of marine diatoms (Chaetoceros gracilis MACC/B13, Cylindrotheca fusiformis MACC/B211, Phaeodactylum tricornutum MACC/B221 and Nitzschia closterium MACC/B222), cultivated at 22 ℃±1 ℃ with the salinity of 28 in f/2 medium and harvested in the exponential growth phase, the early stationary phase and the late stationary phase, were determined. The results showed that growth phase has significant effect on most fatty acid contents in the four species of marine diatoms. The proportions of 16:0 and 16: 1n-7 fatty acids increased while those of 16 :3n-4 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) decreased with increasing culture age in all species studied. The subtotal of saturated fatty acids (SFA) increased with the increasing culture age in all species with the exception of B13. The subtotal of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) increased while that of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decreased with culture age in the four species of marine diatoms. MUFA reached their lowest value in the exponential growth phase, whereas PUFA reached their highest value in the same phase.  相似文献   

Palaeo-hydrogeological control on groundwater As levels in Red River delta,Vietnam     

Søren Jessen  Flemming Larsen  Dieke Postma  Pham Hung Viet  Nguyen Thi Ha  Pham Quy Nhan  Dang Duc Nhan  Mai Thanh Duc  Nguyen Thi Minh Hue  Trieu Duc Huy  Tran Thi Luu  Dang Hoang Ha  Rasmus Jakobsen 《Applied Geochemistry》2008

To study the geological control on groundwater As concentrations in Red River delta, depth-specific groundwater sampling and geophysical logging in 11 monitoring wells was conducted along a 45 km transect across the southern and central part of the delta, and the literature on the Red River delta’s Quaternary geological development was reviewed. The water samples (n = 30) were analyzed for As, major ions, Fe²⁺, H₂S, NH₄, CH₄, δ¹⁸O and δD, and the geophysical log suite included natural gamma-ray, formation and fluid electrical conductivity. The SW part of the transect intersects deposits of grey estuarine clays and deltaic sands in a 15–20 km wide and 50–60 m deep Holocene incised valley. The NE part of the transect consists of 60–120 m of Pleistocene yellowish alluvial deposits underneath 10–30 m of estuarine clay overlain by a 10–20 m veneer of Holocene sediments. The distribution of δ¹⁸O-values (range −12.2‰ to −6.3‰) and hydraulic head in the sample wells indicate that the estuarine clay units divide the flow system into an upper Holocene aquifer and a lower Pleistocene aquifer. The groundwater samples were all anoxic, and contained Fe²⁺ (0.03–2.0 mM), Mn (0.7–320 μM), SO₄ (<2.1 μM–0.75 mM), H₂S (<0.1–7.0 μM), NH₄ (0.03–4.4 mM), and CH₄ (0.08–14.5 mM). Generally, higher concentrations of NH₄ and CH₄ and low concentrations of SO₄ were found in the SW part of the transect, dominated by Holocene deposits, while the opposite was the case for the NE part of the transect. The distribution of the groundwater As concentration (<0.013–11.7 μM; median 0.12 μM (9 μg/L)) is related to the distribution of NH₄, CH₄ and SO₄. Low concentrations of As (?0.32 μM) were found in the Pleistocene aquifer, while the highest As concentrations were found in the Holocene aquifer. PHREEQC-2 speciation calculations indicated that Fe²⁺ and H₂S concentrations are controlled by equilibrium for disordered mackinawite and precipitation of siderite. An elevated groundwater salinity (Cl range 0.19–65.1 mM) was observed in both aquifers, and dominated in the deep aquifer. A negative correlation between aqueous As and an estimate of reduced SO₄ was observed, indicating that Fe sulphide precipitation poses a secondary control on the groundwater As concentration.  相似文献   

Expression pattern of peptide and amino acid genes in digestive tract of transporter juvenile turbot (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Scophthalmus maximus</Emphasis> L.)     

Dandan Xu  Gen He  Kangsen Mai  Huihui Zhou  Wei Xu  Fei Song 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(2):334-340

Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.), a carnivorous fish species with high dietary protein requirement, was chosen to examine the expression pattern of peptide and amino acid transporter genes along its digestive tract which was divided into six segments including stomach, pyloric caeca, rectum, and three equal parts of the remainder of the intestine. The results showed that the expression of two peptide and eleven amino acid transporters genes exhibited distinct patterns. Peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) was rich in proximal intestine while peptide transporter 2 (PepT2) was abundant in distal intestine. A number of neutral and cationic amino acid transporters expressed richly in whole intestine including B⁰-type amino acid transporter 1 (B⁰AT1), L-type amino acid transporter 2 (LAT2), T-type amino acid transporter 1 (TAT1), proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1), y⁺L-type amino acid transporter 1 (y⁺LAT1), and cationic amino acid transporter 2 (CAT2) while ASC amino acid transporter 2 (ASCT2), sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 (SNAT2), and y⁺L-type amino acid transporter 2 (y⁺LAT2) abundantly expressed in stomach. In addition, system b^0,+ transporters (rBAT and b^0,+AT) existed richly in distal intestine. These findings comprehensively characterized the distribution of solute carrier family proteins, which revealed the relative importance of peptide and amino acid absorption through luminal membrane. Our findings are helpful to understand the mechanism of the utilization of dietary protein in fish with a short digestive tract.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary carbohydrate-to-lipid ratio on the growth performance and feed utilization of juvenile turbot (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Scophthalmus maximus</Emphasis>)     

MIAO Shuyan  NIE Qin  MIAO Huijun  ZHANG Wenbing  MAI Kangsen 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(4):660-666

A 9-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratio(CHO:LIP) on the growth performance and feed utilization of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus(initial body weight 8.75 g ± 0.04 g). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic low protein level(39%) diets were formulated with increasing ratios of dietary carbohydrate to lipid(2:18, 6:18, 18:12 and 28:6). A high protein level(50%) diet with the 2:12 ratio of carbohydrate to lipid was used as the control. Results showed that the survival rate, contents of moisture, crude protein and ash in muscle were not significantly affected by dietary treatments. With the dietary CHO:LIP ratio increased from 2:18 to 18:12, weight gain rate significantly increased(P < 0.05). Higher dietary CHO:LIP ratio(28:6) resulted in the significantly decreased weight gain rate(P < 0.05). Meanwhile, this treatment also resulted in the highest daily feed intake and liver glycogen content, as well as the lowest feed efficiency(P < 0.05). Muscle glycogen content in fish fed the diet with 2:12 or 2:18 CHO:LIP ratio was significantly lower than those fed with the other three diets(P < 0.05). The present results confirmed that the juvenile turbot can utilize carbohydrate. Furthermore, the appropriate ratio of dietary carbohydrate to lipid was important to the growth and feed utilization of turbot. The proper CHO:LIP ratio based on the growth performance in the present study was determined to be 18:12 when the dietary protein level was 39%.  相似文献   

Safety Level and Reliability Index for Bank Slope Stability     

Mai Yuanjian Senior Engineer  the th Harbour Engineering Bureau  The Ministry of Communications of P. R. China  Guangzhou 《中国海洋工程》1997,(2)

Based on statistics and analysis of the safety factor of unstable bank slopes,the relation be-tween safety level and reliability index of stability is studied and discussed,and then the elementary cali-brating calculation is carried out to the levels of safety and reliability for bank slope stability in the rangeof safety factors stipulated in existing China Technical Specifications for Port Engineering—FoundationPart(1987)and to those reached by some stable bank slopes already built.The results show that the relia-bility index β in the effective stress method is able to reach a high value of 2.4～4.1(mid-value 3.25),while the value of β in other three kinds of total stress method can just reach a lower value of 0.5～2.8(mid-value 1.65),which are in conformity with the engineering experience in China,and thus acceptable.Some suggestions are also given in this paper to the adoption of the value of β_0—objective reliability indexfor bank slope stability.  相似文献   

Distribution and sources of organic carbon, nitrogen and their isotopes in sediments of the subtropical Pearl River estuary and adjacent shelf, Southern China   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17  

Jianfang Hu  Ping'an Peng  Guodong Jia  Bixian Mai  Gan Zhang 《Marine Chemistry》2006,98(2-4):274-285

The isotopic composition (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) and organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN, organic plus inorganic) content of 37 carbonate-free surficial sediments of the subtropical Pearl River estuary and the adjacent shelf of South China Sea (SCS) was determined. The δ¹³C values indicate that the sediment organic material is a mixture from two sources, terrestrial and marine. Several of the sediments have extremely low (< 4) OC / TN ratios, which could be due to low OC contents and/or to a significant fraction of the TN present as inorganic nitrogen adsorbed on clays. In general, the spatial patterns of OC, TN, δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N are similar. Values are low at the river mouth and on the western coast, suggesting proportionally greater accumulation of terrestrial particulate organic matter relative to marine phytodetritus, which is limited by low productivity in the turbid plume of the Pearl River. Algal-derived organic carbon (al-OC) content is estimated to be low (≤ 0.06%) at the river mouth and higher (up to 0.57%) on the adjacent inner shelf based on a mixing model of end members.  相似文献   

珠江虎门潮汐水道多环芳烃的分布、组成及来源分析   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

杨清书  欧素英  麦碧娴  傅家谟  盛国英 《海洋通报》2003,22(6):1-8

采用GF／F玻璃滤膜对珠江虎门潮汐水道水样进行过滤，分离出颗粒相和溶解相多环芳烃：定量分析结果显示，2001年洪、枯季水体中多环芳烃总最分别是786～2098ng／L和11360～34338ng／L，16种优控多环芳烃含量分别为223～614ng／L和6559～20031ng／L。广州前航道多环芳烃的含量高于狮子洋水样的含量：珠江虎门潮汐水道水体中多环芳烃的含量、分布具有明显的季节变化特征，枯季多环芳烃总量高于洪季1个数量级。多环芳烃的组成及其特祉参数分析表明，珠江虎门潮汐水道水体中多环芳烃主要来源于矿物燃料燃烧和汽车排放。  相似文献   

Cloning and characterization of an actin gene of Chlamys farreri and the phylogenetic analysis of mollusk actins   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马洪明  麦康森  刘付志国  徐玮 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2007,25(3):304-309

  相似文献   

Seismic Sequence in Carbonate Rocks By Vibrational Liquefaction   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

Qiao Xiufu  Song Tianrui  Gao Linzhi  Peng Yang  Li Haibing  Gao Mai  Song Biao  Zhang QiaodaInstitute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》1994,68(3)

On the basis of the records of strong seismic events taking place in soft carbonate sediments, a new seismic sequence system of vibrational liquefaction is established, which consists of a series of units, such as escaped structure of micrite veins and liquefied deformation formed in the period of seismic liquefaction, land subsidence structure after liquefaction, tsunamic hummocky and turbidite produced by seismic events, This sequence is a generalization and summation of field observation in vast areas, which shows the whole process of a strong seismic event and provides an unified theoretical explanation. The pattern of the seismic sequence by vibrational liquefaction provides one of correlation standards for geologists in the field to discriminate events in carbonate sequences. Based on the pattern of seismic sequence, the authors first advance a new conception of the Palaeo-Tanlu (Tancheng-Lujiang) Zone and discuss primarily its geological significations.  相似文献